Vacuum Flask Reading Answers
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Vacuum Flask Reading Answers is a general reading topic that discusses in detail about the vacuum flask. The given IELTS topic has originated from the book named “Practice Tests for Ielts 2”. The topic named Vacuum Flask Reading Answers comes with 7 wide range of questions in total. The given topic comes up with a single type of question, that is, True/False/Not Given. The candidates should thoroughly read the IELTS reading passage to recognize the synonyms, identify the keywords, and answer the questions below. IELTS reading practice papers can be taken into consideration by the candidates in order to score a good score in the reading section in which similar topics like Vacuum Flask Reading Answers have been included.
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Section 1
Read the passage to answer the following questions
Vacuum Flask Reading Answers
A vacuum flask is an insulating storage vessel that greatly lengthens the time over which its contents remain hotter or cooler than the flask's surroundings. Invented by Sir James Dewar in 1892, the vacuum flask consists of two flasks, placed one within the other and joined at the neck. The gap between the two flasks is partially evacuated of air, creating a near-vacuum which significantly reduces heat transfer by conduction or convection. Vacuum flasks are used domesticaly, to keep beverages hot or cold for extended periods of time, and for many purposes in industry. The vacuum flask consists of two vessels, one placed Within the other and joined at the neck. The gap between the two vessels is partially evacuated of air, creating a partial vacuum which reduces heat conduction or convection. Heat transfer by thermal radiation may be minimized by silvering flask surfaces facing the gap but can become problematic if the flask's contents or surroundings are very hot; hence vacuum flasks usually hold contents below the boiling point of water. Most heat transfer occurs through the neck and opening of the flask, where there is no vacuum.
Vacuum flasks are usually made of metal, borosilicate glass, foam or plastic and have their opening stoppered with cork or polyethylene plastic. Vacuum flasks are often used as insulated shipping containers. Extremely large or long vacuum flasks sometimes cannot fully support the inner flask from the neck alone, so additional support is provided by spacers between the interior and exterior shell. These spacers act as a thermal bridge and partially slash the insulating properties of the flask around the area where the spacer contacts the interior surface. Several technological applications, such as NMR and MRI machines, rely on the use of double vacuum flasks. These flasks have two vacuum sections. The inner flask contains liquid helium, and the outer flask contains liquid nitrogen, with one vacuum section in between. The loss of precious helium is limited in this way.
Other improvements to the vacuum flask include the vapour-cooled radiation shield and the vapour-cooled neck, both of which help to reduce evaporation from the flask. Vacuum flasks are at risk of implosion hazard, and glass vessels under vacuum, in particular, may shatter unexpectedly. Chips, scratches, or cracks can be a starting point for dangerous vessel failure, especially when the vessel temperatuchanges re rapidly. Proper preparation of the Dewar vacuum flask by tempering prior to use is advised to maintain and optimize the functioning of the unit. Glass vacuum flasks are usually fitted into a metal base with the cylinder contained in or coated with mesh, aluminium, or plastic to aid in handling. Protect it from physical damage, and contain fragments should they break.
In addition, cryogenic storage dewars are usually pressurized, and they may explode if pressure relief valves are not used. Thermal Expansion has to be considered when engineering a vacuum flask. The outer and inner walls are exposed to different temperatures and will expand at different rates. The vacuum flask can rupture due to the differential in thermal expansion between the outer and inner walls. Expansion joints are commonly used in tubular vacuum flasks to avoid rupture and maintain vacuum integrity.
Section 2
Solution and Explanation
Questions 8-14
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passager
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information.
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information.
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.
Question 8. The vacuum flask consists of two well-joined flasks from all the sides.
Answer: FALSE
Supporting sentence: Invented by Sir James Dewar in 1892, the vacuum flask consists of two flasks, placed one within the other
Keyword : Invented, vacuum flask, placed, one within the other
Keyword location: paragraph 1, lines 2-3
Explanation: Lines 2-3 of paragraph 1 explain that a vacuum flask is an insulating storage vessel. It considerably extends the duration that the contents of the flask remain hotter or cooler than the flask's surroundings. Sir James Dewar invented the vacuum flask in 1892, which consists of two flasks put inside each other and linked at the neck. The distance between the two flasks is partially evacuated of air, resulting in a near-vacuum that greatly lowers heat transfer by conduction or convection. So, it is a FALSE statement.
Question 9. Vacuum flasks reduce heat transfer of the surroundings.
Answer: NOT GIVEN
Supporting sentence: can become problematic if the flask's contents or surroundings are very hot
Keyword : problematic, flask's contents, surroundings, hot
Keyword location: paragraph 1, lines 10-11
Explanation: Lines 10-11 of paragraph 1 says that due to to the difference in thermal expansion between the outer and interior walls, the vacuum flask may burst. To avoid rupture and maintain vacuum integrity, expansion joints are often utilized in tubular vacuum flasks. Thus, no pertinent information was found from the given extract, the given statement can be regarded as an invalid one.
Question 10. There is high amount of vacuum near the neck of the flask.
Answer: FALSE
Supporting sentence: Most heat transfer occurs through the neck and opening of the flask, where there is no vacuum.
Keyword : heat, transfer, neck, opening of the flask
Keyword location: paragraph 1, lines 12-13
Explanation: Lines 12-13 of paragraph 1 say that the heat transfer by thermal radiation can be reduced by silvering the surfaces of flasks facing the gap. Although this might be troublesome if the contents or surroundings of the flask are extremely hot. Hence, vacuum flasks often retain contents below the boiling point of water. The majority of heat transfer occurs through the flask's neck and opening, where there is no vacuum. Thus, we can conclude this sentence to be a FALSE one.
Question 11. The inserts between the interior and exterior shell offers support to the inner flask in case of sizeable flasks.
Answer: TRUE
Supporting sentence: so additional support is provided by spacers between the interior and exterior shell
Keyword : additional, support, spacers, interior and exterior shell
Keyword location: paragraph 2, lines 3-5
Explanation: Lines 3-5 of paragraph 2 state that spacers between the interior and external shells give additional support for extremely large or long vacuum flasks. The flasks cannot entirely support the inner flask from the neck alone. These spacers operate as a thermal bridge. It reduces the insula.
Question 12: The spacers between the inner and outer shell of the flask improves its insulation properties.
Answer: FALSE
Supporting sentence: These spacers act as a thermal bridge and partially slash the insulating properties of the flask around the area where the spacer contacts the interior surface.
Keyword : spacers, partially, insulating, interior surface
Keyword location: paragraph 2, lines 5-6
Explanation: Lines 5-6 of paragraph 2 say that the spacers between the inside and external shells provide additional stability. These spacers operate as a thermal bridge. It reduces the insulating characteristics of the flask in the area where the spacer makes contact with the internal surface. Double vacuum flasks are used in various technological applications, including NMR and MRI equipment. Hence, the above statement can be regarded as a FALSE one.
Question 13. Glass vessels can explode unpredictably under vacuum.
Answer: FALSE
Supporting sentence: Vacuum flasks are at risk of implosion hazard, and glass vessels under vacuum
Keyword : Vacuum flasks, risk, implosion hazard, glass vessels
Keyword location: paragraph 3, lines 2-3
Explanation: Lines 2-3 of paragraph 3 states that vapor-cooled radiation shields and necks, both aid in lowering flask evaporation. Those shields are additional enhancements to the vacuum flask. Implosion hazards exist in vacuum flasks, and glass vessels under vacuum, in particular, may shatter abruptly. Thus, the above statement can be regarded as a FALSE one.
Question 14. Expansion joints are used in tubular vacuum to prevent fracture.
Answer: NOT GIVEN
Supporting sentence: Expansion joints are commonly used in tubular vacuum flasks to avoid rupture and maintain vacuum integrity.
Keyword : Expansion joints, tubular, rupture, vacuum integrity
Keyword location: paragraph 4, lines 5-6
Explanation: Lines 5-6 of paragraph 4 state that due to the difference in thermal expansion between the outer and interior walls, the vacuum flask may burst. To avoid rupture and maintain vacuum integrity, expansion joints are often utilized in tubular vacuum flasks. Hence, no prominent explanation was found regarding the above passage, the given statement is an invalid one.
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