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Cubism Reading Answers

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Cubism Reading Answers is an academic reading topic discussing in detail about the concept of Cubism. The given IELTS topic has originated from the book named “Cambridge IELTS 6 Audio CDs”. The topic named Cubism Reading Answers has a total of 14 wide range of questions. The topic consists of two sorts of questions, such as, choose the correct answer, and choose the correct letter. The candidates should thoroughly read the IELTS reading passage to recognize the synonyms and identify the keywords and answer the questions below. IELTS reading practice papers can be taken into consideration by the candidates in order to score a good score in the reading section in which similar topics like Cubism Reading Answers has been included.

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Section 1

Read the passage to answer the following questions

Cubism Reading Answers

When the name of Picasso is spoken, the concept of ‘Cubism’ usually springs to mind. That this happens indicates just how deep and long-lasting has been its influence on the world, yet although many people know of the name ‘Cubism’, few can speak about it with any degree of conversancy. It is Georges Braque who is now credited as an equal pioneer in this revolutionary art movement, but claiming that these two artists alone created cubism oversimplifies a very complex issue.

Defining Cubism itself is difficult. At its simplest, the three-dimensional object being painted can be considered broken into pieces, sometimes square or cube-shaped (hence the name). These are reassembled in less than coherent order, and often at different angles. They can overlap, and sometimes more than one view is presented at the same time, moving beyond the limits of a fixed observer. The terms ‘multiple viewpoints’ and ‘mobile perspectives’ are often used — that is, the subject is captured from different angles, at different times, with the corresponding images fused into a single picture.

Braque’s pre-war paintings began experimenting with this idea, which inevitably led to an association with Picasso, who had been dabbling also in rendering three-dimensional views into two-dimensional geometric shapes — for example, in his painting Young Ladies of Avignon — often labelled ‘proto-cubist’. Some even consider this painting to be the true beginning of Cubism itself, as it inspired Braque to follow the lead, developing the movement towards its trademark features.

Yet both artists were influenced by earlier painters, in particular, the later works of Cezanne. Cezanne was one of the first to divide the canvas into several views, as well as to begin presenting natural objects in geometric figures.

Paul Cezanne had died in 1906, but a year later several museums exhibited his paintings in a retrospective of the artist’s life. Inevitably, young painters in the Parisian art scene, including Picasso and Braque, would have seen these. Whilst not yet fractured into facets or cubes, Cezanne occasionally implanted an underlying geometry—for example, in one of his most famous (and unfinished) paintings, The Bathers. This work breaks tradition in its unflattering portrait of the women, whose naked forms are rendered in sharp symmetry, also forming a triangular pattern with the river and trees. It is said to have inspired Picasso’s very similarly styled work, mentioned previously.

Moving beyond those early years of Cubism, many other artists were exploring the same idea, but taking it in individual directions. They are often unfairly considered as having played less significant roles simply because they did not adhere to the strict perspectives of Braque or Picasso. Yet, conceivably they could have evolved their own awareness of Cubism more from Cezanne’s pervading and almost universal influence on the Parisian art scene of that day, meaning that they must now be considered true innovators in their own right. Juan Gris, for example, produced many interesting works, yet now remains little regarded. Interestingly, being a compatriot of Picasso, the two artists became personally acquainted, to the extent that Gris painted his well-known Portrait of Picasso, now regarded as one of the best examples of the Cubist style.

Gris ventured beyond the monochromatic (or single family of colours) employed by Picasso and Braque. He combined vibrant hues in interesting and sometimes unusual combinations, such as in his still life, Newspaper and Fruit Dish. Similarly exploratory were the Orphic Cubists (as they would later become known), who moved further towards abstraction, but with Gris’s similar use of bright colours. These were used to convey meaning but blended in a way that went beyond the physical subject. Its main proponent was the Frenchman, Robert Delaunay, who, together with his wife, regularly exhibited in Parisian salons with increasingly non-representational forms. His Simultaneous Windows is barely recognisable as a window—just a blend of prismatic hues with one prominent square, giving a hint of three-dimensionality.

Léger also followed a more personal form of Cubism. As with most of his generation, he had seen the Cezanne 1907 retrospective, which enkindled interest in experimentation with geometric forms. This eventually led to the completely abstract, in which tubes, cones, and cubes, are all splayed on the canvas in bold primary colours — seen, for example, in his Railway Crossing. Merc, in spite of its non-representational quality, is the suggestion of the harsh mechanisation and alienation of modern life, a theme which the artist’s experiences in World War One only accentuated, and which pre-dates similar trends (such as pop art) by decades.

Clearly, Cubism was a complex art movement, and names such as Analytical, Synthetic, and Orphic Cubism are constructs which were invented long after the events and artworks which they attempt to describe. These names appear to give a coherent order to what was actually a collective movement in which many individuals contributed. Among all this confusion, one does not doubt that the early years of last century were a fascinating period in the Parisian art scene.

Section 2

Solution and Explanation 

Questions 27-31

Answer the questions. Choose the correct letter, A-F, for each answer.

NB You can use an answer more than once.

Which painter

  1.  Braque
  2.  Cezanne
  3.  Delaunay
  4.  Gris
  5.  Léger
  6.  Picasso

Question 27 led a new abstraction movement?

Answer: C
Supporting sentence: His Simultaneous Windows is barely recognisable as a window—just a blend of prismatic hues with one prominent square, giving a hint of three-dimensionality.
Keyword : Simultaneous, prismatic, prominent, three-dimensionality
Keyword location: paragraph 7, lines 8-9
Explanation: Lines 8-9 of paragraph 7 explains that Robert Delaunay and his wife frequently displayed progressively non-representational forms in Parisian salons. His Simultaneous Windows is hardly recognisable as a window. It is merely a combination of prismatic hues with one large square that suggests three dimensions.

Question 28 was the most influential?

Answer: B
Supporting sentence: Yet, conceivably they could have evolved their own awareness of Cubism more from Cezanne’s pervading
Keyword : conceivably, awareness, Cubism, Cezanne’s pervading
Keyword location: paragraph 6, lines 4-5
Explanation: The fourth to fifth lines of paragraph 6 implies that the painters could have become more conscious of Cubism as a result of Cezanne's pervasive. Also, nearly universal impact on the Parisian art scene at the time, making them true pioneers in their own right.

Question 29 was affected by a global conflict?

Answer: E
Supporting sentence: Merc, in spite of its non-representational quality, is the suggestion of the harsh mechanization and alienation of modern life
Keyword : Merc, non-representational, mechanization, modern life
Keyword location: paragraph 8, lines 5-6
Explanation: Lines 5-6 of paragraph 8 explains that in spite of its lack of realism, Merc suggests the harsh industrialization and alienation of modern life. It is a concept that the artist's experiences in World War One further emphasized—and predates other trends (like pop art) by decades.

Question 30 is inevitably linked with an art movement?

Answer: F
Supporting sentence: Braque’s pre-war paintings began experimenting with this idea, which inevitably led to an association with Picasso
Keyword : Braque’s, experimenting, inevitably, Picasso
Keyword location: paragraph 3, lines 1-2
Explanation: The first two lines of paragraph 3 implies that this concept was first explored in Braque's paintings before World War I. It inevitably brought about comparisons with Picasso, who had also experimented with turning three-dimensional views into two-dimensional geometric shapes. As seen, for instance, in his painting Young Ladies of Avignon, which is frequently referred to as "proto-cubist."

Question 31 was married?

Answer: C
Supporting sentence: Robert Delaunay, who, together with his wife, regularly exhibited in Parisian salons with increasingly non-representational forms.
Keyword : Robert Delaunay, wife, Parisian, non-representational forms
Keyword location: paragraph 7, lines 6-7
Explanation: Lines 6-7 of paragraph 7 says that Robert Delaunay often displayed progressively non-representational forms at salons throughout Paris. He did this with the assistance of his wife. His Simultaneous Windows is hardly identifiable as a window. It is merely a combination of prismatic hues with one large square that suggests three dimensions.

Questions 32-37

Answer the questions.

Choose the correct letter, A-F, for each answer.

NB You can use an answer ONLY once.

  1.  Newspaper and Fruit Dish
  2.  Portrait of Picasso
  3.  Railway Crossing
  4.  Simultaneous Windows
  5.  The Bathers
  6.  Young Ladies of Avignon

Which painting is

Question 32 a confusing abstraction in many colours?

Answer: D
Supporting sentence: just a blend of prismatic hues with one prominent square, giving a hint of three-dimensionality.
Keyword : blend, prismatic, hues, three-dimensionality
Keyword location: paragraph 7, lines 8-9
Explanation: Lines 8-9 of paragraph 7 implies that progressively non-representational shapes were frequently on show in Parisian salons by Robert Delaunay and his wife. It's difficult to identify his simultaneous windows as a window. The only thing that resembles three dimensions is a huge square and a blend of prismatic colours.

Question 33 a darker view, ahead of its time?

Answer: C
Supporting sentence: the suggestion of the harsh mechanization and alienation of modern life
Keyword : suggestion, harsh, mechanization, modern life
Keyword location: paragraph 8, lines 5-6
Explanation: Lines 5-6 of paragraph 8 implies that the harsh industrialization and alienation of modern existence are suggested by Merc despite its lack of realism. This idea precedes later movements like pop art by decades and was further reinforced by the artist's experiences in World War One.

Question 34 probably the first of its kind?

Answer: F
Supporting sentence: Some even consider this painting to be the true beginning of Cubism itself
Keyword : consider, painting, beginning, Cubism
Keyword location: paragraph 3, lines 4-5
Explanation: The fourth to fifth lines of paragraph 3 says that some people even believe that this image represents the actual birth of cubism. It is because it encouraged Braque to take the initiative and establish the movement's distinctive qualities.

Question 35 an intriguing and multi-chromatic view?

Answer: A
Supporting sentence: He combined vibrant hues in interesting and sometimes unusual combinations, such as in his still life, Newspaper and Fruit Dish.
Keyword : combined, hues, Newspaper, Fruit Dish
Keyword location: paragraph 7, lines 1-3
Explanation: The first three lines of paragraph 7 portrays that Picasso and Braque used a monochromatic style, or a single family of colours, but Gris went beyond that. He paired vivid hues in intriguing and somewhat unorthodox ways, as seen in his still life with a newspaper and fruit dish.

Question 36 very representative of its type?

Answer: B
Supporting sentence: one of the best examples of the Cubist style.
Keyword : best, examples, Cubist, style
Keyword location: paragraph 6, lines 7-10
Explanation: The seventh to tenth lines of paragraph 6 explains that being a fellow countryman of Picasso, it's interesting to note that the two artists grew close. They grew close to the point where Gris produced his famous Portrait of Picasso, today regarded as one of the best Cubist works.

Question 37 an early painting which influenced another?

Answer: E
Supporting sentence: It is said to have inspired Picasso’s very similarly styled work, mentioned previously.
Keyword : inspired, Picasso’s, mentioned, previously
Keyword location: paragraph 5, lines 7-8
Explanation: Lines 7-8 of paragraph 5 implies that the unpleasant picture of the women in this piece defies convention. Their bare bodies are depicted in precise symmetry, and they also form a triangle with the river and trees. It is said to have served as the inspiration for Picasso's earlier, similarly styled work.

Questions 38-40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

Question 38 The Cezanne Retrospective

  1. was attended by Cezanne.
  2. showed his Cubist paintings.
  3. was attended by very many people.
  4. influenced an artist to move to non-representational style.

Answer: D
Supporting sentence: Léger also followed a more personal form of Cubism.
Keyword : Léger, followed, personal, Cubism
Keyword location: paragraph 8, lines 1-3
Explanation: The first three lines of paragraph 8 says that Léger also practised cubism in a more introspective manner. He had visited the Cezanne 1907 retrospective, along with the majority of his generation, which sparked a desire to experiment with geometric forms. This later gave way to the utterly abstract. As seen in his Railway Crossing, in which tubes, cones, and cubes are all dispersed across the canvas in vivid primary colors.

Question 39 Many Cubist innovators

  1. preferred still-life paintings.
  2. favoured monochrome.
  3. invented names for their styles
  4. were not adequately recognised.

Answer: D
Supporting sentence: many other artists were exploring the same idea, but taking it in individual directions
Keyword : artists, exploring, individual, directions
Keyword location: paragraph 6, lines 1-2
Explanation: The first two lines of paragraph 6 says that many other artists were pursuing the same subject matter after the early Cubist period. However, it is in their own distinctive ways. Because they did not share Braque or Picasso's rigid worldviews, they are frequently erroneously viewed as having had less significant contributions.

Question 40 Cubism

  1. is fairly easily explained.
  2. has cubes in incoherent order.
  3. shows different views of a subject.
  4. was created by Picasso and Braque

Answer: C
Supporting sentence: They can overlap, and sometimes more than one view is presented at the same time, moving beyond the limits of a fixed observer.
Keyword : overlap, presented, limits, observer
Keyword location: paragraph 2, lines 3-5
Explanation: Lines 3-5 of paragraph 2 suggests that the pieces can overlap. Occasionally more than one view is offered at once, transcending the bounds of a fixed observer.

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