Crisis Freshwater Reading Answers
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Experta en el extranjero | Updated On - Jan 12, 2023
Crisis Freshwater Reading Answers contains a write up about the freshwater crisis and the concern related to it. Crisis Freshwater Reading Answers contains a total of 9 paragraphs. Related to the paragraphs are 13 questions. Candidates in this IELTS Section will be shown various question types with clear instructions. The paragraph contains the freshwater crisis and how it is affecting people. Some ways to preserve other country’s concerns.
Crisis Freshwater Reading Answers is an IELTS Reading passage which comprises True/False, not given, and three different types of questions , Complete the sentence and the summary. Each detail mentioned must be understood by the candidate in order to finish the summary. It's necessary to read each paragraph carefully and keep in mind any crucial information. So. It requires a thorough grasp of paragraph structure. Unmentioned information must be accounted for as not delivered. While an interpretation of the paragraphs is necessary to complete the statement. To gain proficiency, candidates can practice from IELTS reading practice test.
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Section 1
Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions
Crisis Freshwater Reading Answers
- As in New Delhi and Phoenix, policymakers worldwide wield great power over how water resources are managed. Wise use of such power will become increasingly important as the years go by because the world’s demand for freshwater is currently overtaking its ready supply in many places, and this situation shows no sign of abating.
- That the problem is well-known makes it no less disturbing: today one out of six people, more than a billion, suffer inadequate access to safe freshwater. By 2025, according to data released by the United Nations, the freshwater resources of more than half the countries across the globe will undergo either stress- for example, when people increasingly demand more water than is available or safe for use-or outright shortages. By mid-century, as much as three-quarters of the earth’s population could face scarcities of freshwater.
- Scientists expect water scarcity to become more common in large part because the world’s population is rising and many people are getting richer (thus expanding demand) and because global climate change is exacerbating aridity and reducing supply in many regions. What is more, many water sources are threatened by faulty waste disposal, releases of industrial pollutants, fertilizer runoff, and coastal influxes of saltwater into aquifers as groundwater is depleted.
- Because lack of access to water can lead to starvation, disease, political instability, and even armed conflict, failure to take action can have broad and grave consequences. Fortunately, to a great extent, the technologies and policy tools required to conserve existing freshwater and to secure more of it are known among which several seem particularly effective. What is needed now is action. Governments and authorities at every level have to formulate and execute plans for implementing the political, economic, and technological measures that can ensure water security now and in the coming decades.
- The world’s water problems require, as a start, an understanding of how much freshwater each person requires, along with knowledge of the factors that impede supply and increase demand in different parts of the world. Main Falkenmark of the Stockholm International Water Institute and other experts estimate that, on average, each person on the earth needs a minimum of 1000 cubic meters (m3) of water. The minimum water each person requires for drinking, hygiene, and growing food. The volume is equivalent to two-fifths of an Olympic-size swimming pool.
- Much of the Americas and northern Eurasia enjoy abundant water supplies. But several regions are beset by greater or lesser degrees of “physical” scarcity-whereby demand exceeds local availability. Other areas, among them Central Africa, parts of the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia contend with “economic” water scarcity that limits access even though sufficient supplies are available.
- More than half of the precipitation that falls on land is never available for capture or storage because it evaporates from the ground or transpires from plants; this fraction is called blue-water sources-rivers, lakes, wetlands, and aquifers-that people can tap directly. Farm irrigation from these free-flowing bodies is the biggest single human use of freshwater resources, but the intense local demand they create often drains the surroundings of ready supplies.
- Lots of water, but not always where it is needed, one hundred and ten thousand cubic kilometers of precipitation, nearly 10 times the volume of Lake Superior, falls from the sky onto the earth’s land surface every year. This huge quantity would easily fulfill the requirements of everyone on the planet if the water arrived where and when people needed it. But much of it cannot be captured (top), and the rest is disturbed unevenly (bottom). Green water (61.1% of total precipitation): absorbed by soil and plants, then released back into the air: unavailable for withdrawal. Bluewater (38.8% of total precipitation): collected in rivers, lakes, wetlands, and groundwater: available for withdrawal before it evaporates or reaches the ocean. These figures may not add up to 100% because of rounding. Only 1.5% is directly used by people.
- Waters ran away in tremendous wildfires in recent years. The economic actors had all taken their share reasonably enough: they just did not consider the needs of the natural environment, which suffered greatly when its inadequate supply was reduced to critical levels by drought. The members of the Murray-Darling Basin Commission are now frantically trying to extricate themselves from the disastrous results of their misallocation of the total water resource. Given the difficulties of sensibly apportioning the water supply within a single nation, imagine the complexities of doing so for international river basins such as that of the Jordan River, which borders on Lebanon, Syria, Israel, the Palestinian areas, and Jordan, all of which have claims to the shared, but limited, supply in an extremely parched region. The struggle for freshwater has contributed to civil and military disputes in the area. Only continuing negotiations and compromises have kept this tense situation under control.
Section 2
Solution and Explanation
Questions 1-5
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage? In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE If the statement is true
FALSE If the statement is false
NOT GIVEN If the information is not given in the passage
- The prospect for the need for freshwater worldwide is obscure.
Answer: False
Supporting Statement: That the problem is well-known makes it no less disturbing: today one out of six people, more than a billion, suffer inadequate access to safe freshwater.
Keywords: Well-known, freshwater
Keyword Location: Paragraph B
Explanation: As per paragraph B, the introductory line states that the problem of freshwater is well-known. But it doesn't make it less disturbing. Many billion people suffer from inadequate access to freshwater. So, the question statement is contradictory as the freshwater situation is not obscure. So, the statement is False.
- To some extent, the challenge for freshwater is alleviated by common recognition.
Answer: False
Supporting Statement: That the problem is well-known makes it no less disturbing: today one out of six people, more than a billion, suffer inadequate access to safe freshwater.
Keywords: Well-known, freshwater
Keyword Location: Paragraph B
Explanation: As per paragraph B, the introductory line states that the problem of freshwater is well-known. But it doesn't make it less disturbing. Many billion people suffer from inadequate access to freshwater. So, the question statement is contradictory as the common recognition does not reduce the challenge. In Fact it scares people more. So, the statement is False.
- Researchers arrive at the specific conclusion about the water crisis based on persuasive consideration of several factors.
Answer: True
Supporting Statement: Fortunately, to a great extent, the technologies and policy tools required to conserve existing freshwater and to secure more of it are known among which several seem particularly effective.
Keywords: technologies, policy
Keyword Location: Paragraph D
Explanation: As per paragraph D, to a great extent the technologies and policies tools required to conserve existing freshwater are effective, So, the researchers arrive at a specific conclusion about the freshwater crisis. This is based on persuasive consideration of several factors. So, the statement is True.
- The fact that people do not actually cherish the usage of water scarcity.
Answer: Not Given
Explanation: There has been no relevant information given related to the question statement in the paragraphs. So, the correct answer is Not Given.
- Controversy can’t be avoided for adjacent nations over the water resource.
Answer: True
Supporting Statement: The world’s water problems require, as a start, an understanding of how much freshwater each person requires, along with knowledge of the factors that impede supply and increase demand in different parts of the world.
Keywords: World’s water problem
Keyword Location: Paragraph E
Explanation: As per paragraph E, there are many areas where some kind of water scarcity is being faced. So, this controversy can't be avoided for adjacent nations. Water resources are important for each nation and scarcity of these can lead to more serious problems to the populations. So, the statement is True.
Questions 6-10
The readings Passage has eleven paragraphs A-I
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-I, in boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
- The uneven distribution of water around the world.
Answer: F
Supporting Statement: Much of the Americas and northern Eurasia enjoy abundant water supplies. But several regions are beset by greater or lesser degrees of “physical” scarcity-whereby demand exceeds local availability. Other areas, among them Central Africa, parts of the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia contend with “economic” water scarcity that limits access even though sufficient supplies are available.
Keywords: Several regions, water scarcity.
Explanation: As per paragraph F, there have been listed many areas of uneven distribution of water. While there is scarcity in relation to the economic aspect. Some areas face physical scarcity of water. So, the correct
answer is F as per the explanation provided.
- other factors regarding nature bothering people who make the policies.
Answer: I
Supporting Statement: Waters ran away in tremendous wildfires in recent years. The economic actors had all taken their share reasonably enough: they just did not consider the needs of the natural environment, which
suffered greatly when its inadequate supply was reduced to critical levels by drought.
Keywords: tremendous wildfires, drought
Keyword Location: Paragraph I
Explanation: As per paragraph I, the policy makers are worried about several other environmental issues. It has been stated that water has been tremendously used in wildfires. Critical levels of drought can also be faced by several areas. A decrease in groundwater level is also a concern. So, the correct answer is as per the explanation.
- Joint efforts needed to carry out the detailed solutions combined with various aspects.
Answer: D
Supporting Statement: Fortunately, to a great extent, the technologies and policy tools required to conserve existing freshwater and to secure more of it are known among which several seem particularly effective. What is
needed now is action. Governments and authorities at every level have to formulate and execute plans for implementing the political, economic, and technological measures that can ensure water security now and in the
coming decades.
Keywords: Technologies and policy, government and authority.
Keyword Location: Paragraph D
Explanation: As per paragraph D, it has been stated that technologies and policies required to conserve the freshwater are particularly effective. Also, the government and authorities need to work together at different levels to ward off this issue. So, joint efforts are needed to carry out the detailed solutions. So, the correct answer is D.
- No always-in-time match available between the requirements and the actual rainfall.
Answer: H
Supporting Statement: Lots of water, but not always where it is needed, one hundred and ten thousand cubic kilometers of precipitation, nearly 10 times the volume of Lake Superior, falls from the sky onto the earth’s land
surface every year. This huge quantity would easily fulfill the requirements of everyone on the planet if the water arrived where and when people needed it.
Keywords: where it is needed
Keyword Location: Paragraph H
Explanation: As per paragraph H, it has been stated not always the rainfall is experienced where it is needed. One hundred and ten thousand cubic kilometers is experienced every year. But this falls at the places where it is not needed. Otherwise this much rainfall is sufficient to reduce the freshwater issue. So, the correct answer is H as per the explanation.
- The lower limit of the amount of fresh water for a person to survive.
Answer: E
Supporting Statement: Main Falkenmark of the Stockholm International Water Institute and other experts estimate that, on average, each person on the earth needs a minimum of 1000 cubic meters (m3) of water. The
minimum water each person requires for drinking, hygiene, and growing food. The volume is equivalent to two-fifths of an Olympic-size swimming pool.
Keywords: Estimate, each person
Keyword Location: Paragraph E
Explanation: As per paragraph E, it has been estimated by the Main Falkenmark of the Stockholm International Water Institute about the average water required by each person. The average water required by each person for basic requirements is a minimum of 1000 cubic meters (m3) of water. So, the correct answer is E.
Questions 11-13
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using No More than Three words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 11–13 on your answer sheet.
|
Many severe problems like starvation and military actions etc result from the storage of water which sometimes for some areas seems 11……….. because of unavailability but other regions suffer another kind of scarcity for insufficient support. 12…………….. of the rainfall can’t be achieved because of evaporation. Some other parts form the 13…………. which can be used immediately. Water to irrigate the farmland takes a considerable amount along with the use for cities and industries and the extended need from the people involved. |
Question 11)
Answer: Physical
Supporting Statement: Much of the Americas and northern Eurasia enjoy abundant water supplies. But several regions are beset by greater or lesser degrees of “physical” scarcity-whereby demand exceeds local availability.
Keywords: Several regions, water scarcity.
Keyword Location: Paragraph F
Explanation: As per paragraph F the water scarcity can also be physical which results from military action and starvation. So, the correct answer is physical as per the explanation provided.
Question 12)
Answer: Capture of shortage
Supporting Statement: But much of it cannot be captured (top), and the rest is disturbed unevenly (bottom). Green water (61.1% of total precipitation): absorbed by soil and plants, then released back into the air: unavailable for withdrawal.
Keywords: Cannot be captured
Keyword Location: Paragraph H
Explanation: As per paragraph H, the rainwater cannot be saved from getting evaporated. Which means it cannot be captured. Many of the plants and soil absorb the water which further reduces its amount. So, the correct answer is Capture if shortage.
Question 13)
Answer: Blue water
Supporting Statement: Bluewater (38.8% of total precipitation): collected in rivers, lakes, wetlands, and groundwater: available for withdrawal before it evaporates or reaches the ocean. These figures may not add up to 100%
because of rounding.
Keywords: Bluewater
Keyword Location: Paragraph H
Explanation: As per paragraph H, the bluewater collected in rivers Available for extraction before it evaporates or enters the ocean are lakes, marshes, and groundwater. Due to rounding, these numbers might not add up to 100 percent. So, the correct answer is bluewater.
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