GATE 2025 PHYSICS SYLLABUS
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Table of Contents
GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023: Important Topics, Exam Pattern, Samples Questions and Books
GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023 consists of topics from Core Physics and General Aptitude. The majority of questions i.e. 85% are asked from the core subject and the rest of the questions i.e. 15% from general aptitude topics. There will be a total of 55 questions from the core physics and 10 questions from General Aptitude. The exam will be held online as a computer based test for three hours. CheckGATE Exam Pattern 2023
Candidates who have opted for GATE Physics as their first paper can select the second paper from EC/ GG/ IN/ MA/ MT/ ST. The major topics in the core Physics subject of GATE Syllabus for PH include Mathematical Physics, Classical Mechanics, Electromagnetic Theory, Quantum Mechanics, Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Solid State Physics, Electronics and Nuclear and Particle Physics.
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GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023
GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023 includes nine sections/ major topics apart from General Aptitude. These include:
| Important Topics for GATE Physics Syllabus | |
|---|---|
| Mathematical Physics | Classical Mechanics |
| Electromagnetic Theory | Quantum Mechanics |
| Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics | Atomic and Molecular Physics |
| Solid State Physics | Electronics |
| Nuclear and Particle Physics | General Aptitude |
Section 1: Mathematical Physics
- Linear vector space: basis, orthogonality and completeness; matrices; vector calculus; linear differential equations; elements of complex analysis
- Cauchy Riemann conditions, Cauchy’s theorems, singularities, residue theorem and applications
- Laplace transforms, Fourier analysis; elementary ideas about tensors: covariant and contravariant tensor, Levi-Civita and Christoffel symbols.
Section 2: Classical Mechanics
- Alembert’s principle, cyclic coordinates, variational principle
- Lagrange’s equation of motion, central force and scattering problems, rigid body motion; small oscillations
- Hamilton’s formalisms; Poisson bracket; special theory of relativity
- Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics, mass‐energy equivalence.
Section 3: Electromagnetic Theory
- Solutions of electrostatic and magnetostatic problems including boundary value problems; dielectrics and conductors
- Maxwell’s equations; scalar and vector potentials; Coulomb and Lorentz gauges
- Electromagnetic waves and their reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction and polarization
- Poynting vector, Poynting theorem, energy and momentum of electromagnetic waves; radiation from a moving charge.
Section 4: Quantum Mechanics
- Postulates of quantum mechanics; uncertainty principle
- Schrodinger equation; one-, two- and three-dimensional potential problems; particle in a box, transmission through one-dimensional potential barriers, harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom; linear vectors and operators in Hilbert space; angular momentum and spin; addition of angular momenta; time-independent perturbation theory; elementary scattering theory.
Section 5: Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
- Laws of thermodynamics; macrostates and microstates; phase space; ensemble
- Partition function, free energy, calculation of thermodynamic quantities; classical and quantum statistics; degenerate
- Fermi gas; black body radiation and Planck’s distribution law; Bose‐Einstein condensation; first and second-order phase transitions, phase equilibria, critical point.
Section 6: Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Spectra of one‐ and many‐electron atoms
- LS and jj coupling; hyperfine structure; Zeeman and Stark effects; electric dipole transitions and selection rules; rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules; electronic transition in diatomic molecules
- Franck‐Condon principle; Raman effect; NMR, ESR, X-ray spectra; lasers: Einstein coefficients, population inversion, two and three-level systems.
Section 7: Solid State Physics
- Elements of crystallography; diffraction methods for structure determination; bonding in solids; lattice vibrations and thermal properties of solids; free electron theory; band theory of solids: nearly free electron and tight-binding models; metals, semiconductors and insulators; conductivity, mobility and effective mass;
- Optical properties of solids; Kramers-Kronig relation, intra- and inter-band transitions; dielectric properties of solid; dielectric function, polarizability, ferroelectricity; magnetic properties of solids; dia, para, ferro, antiferro and ferri-magnetism, domains and magnetic anisotropy; superconductivity: Type-I and Type II superconductors, Meissner effect, London equation, BCS Theory, flux quantization.
Section 8: Electronics
- Semiconductors in equilibrium: electron and hole statistics in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; metal-semiconductor junctions;
- Ohmic and rectifying contacts; PN diodes, bipolar junction transistors, field effect transistors; negative and positive feedback circuits; oscillators, operational amplifiers, active filters; basics of digital logic circuits, combinational and sequential circuits, flip-flops, timers, counters, registers, A/D and D/A conversion.
Section 9: Nuclear and Particle Physics
- Nuclear radii and charge distributions, nuclear binding energy
- Electric and magnetic moments; nuclear models, liquid drop model: semi‐empirical mass formula
- Fermi gas model of nucleus, nuclear shell model; nuclear force and two nucleon problem; alpha decay, beta‐decay, electromagnetic transitions in nuclei
- Rutherford scattering, nuclear reactions, conservation laws; fission and fusion; particle accelerators and detectors; elementary particles, photons, baryons, mesons and leptons; quark model.
Section 10 - General Aptitude
| Verbal Ability | Numerical Ability |
|---|---|
| English grammar; Sentence completion, Instructions; Verbal analogies, Word groups; Critical reasoning, Verbal deduction. | Numerical computation; Numerical reasoning; Numerical estimation; Data interpretation. |
Direct link to download GATE Physics(PH) syllabus PDF
Best Books for GATE 2023 Physics
| Book | Author/ Publication |
|---|---|
| Chapterwise Solved Papers Physics GATE | Vijay Kumar |
| GATE 2021 – Guide – Physics | GKP |
| GATE - Physics - Chapterwise Previous Year's Solved Papers | Dr Vijay Kumar | Dr Israt Ali |
GATE Exam Pattern 2023 for Physics
- Mode of Examination: Online
- Duration of exam: 3 hours
- Type of questions: MCQs, MSQs, & NATs
- Total Sections: 2 sections i.e. General Aptitude and Subject-based
- Total questions: 65
- Total marks: 100 marks
- Negative marking: for MCQs only
| Section | Distribution of Marks | Total Marks | Types of questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| General Aptitude | 5 questions of 1 mark each 5 questions of 2 marks each | 15 marks | MCQs |
| GATE Physics | 25 questions of 1 mark each 30 questions of 2 marks each | 85 marks | MCQs, MSQ and NATs |
GATE Physics Marking Scheme 2023
| Type of question | Negative marking for wrong answer |
|---|---|
| MCQ | 1/3 for 1 mark questions 2/3 for 2 marks questions |
| NAT/MSQ | No negative marking |
Check Detailed GATE 2023 Exam Pattern
GATE 2023 Syllabus Of Other Papers
GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023 FAQs
Ques. What are the subjects in the GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023?
Ans. GATE Syllabus for Physics (PH) 2023 will have questions in 2 different sections, core Physics and General Aptitude. General Aptitude is common to all the GATE Papers.
Ques. What is the difficulty level of GATE Physics (PH) 202?
Ans. The difficulty level of GATE Physics (PH) 2023 is moderate to difficult as per the previous years GATE Paper Analysis. .
Ques. Which are the topics in the core subject of GATE Syllabus for Physics (PH) 2023?
Ans. The topics in the core subject of GATE Syllabus for Physics (PH) 2023 are as follows:
- Mathematical Physics
- Classical Mechanics
- Electromagnetic Theory
- Quantum Mechanics
- Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Solid State Physics
- Electronics and Nuclear
- Particle Physics.
Ques. What is the GATE Marking Scheme for Physics (PH)?
Ans. The GATE Marking Scheme for Physics (PH) is as follows:
| Type of question | Negative marking for wrong answer |
|---|---|
| MCQ | 1/3 for 1 mark questions 2/3 for 2 marks questions |
| NAT/MSQ | No negative marking |
Ques. How many questions are asked in GATE Physics 2023?
Ans. GATE Physics Question paper will have a total of 65 questions, out of which approximately 55 questions will be Physics Core Subject Questions.
Ques. What is the paper code for GATE Physics 2023?
Ans. The paper code for GATE Physics 2023 is PH.
Ques. Which are the best GATE Books for Physics 2023?
Ans. The best GATE Books for Physics 2023 are as follows:
- Chapterwise Solved Papers Physics GATE by Vijay Kumar
- GATE – Guide – Physics by GKP
- GATE - Physics - Chapterwise Previous Year's Solved Papers by Dr Vijay Kumar and Dr Israt Ali
Ques. How to prepare for completing GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023?
Ans. Candidates can follow some of these tips for preparation of GATE Instrumentation paper:
- Solve GATE Physics Mock Tests
- Start with the basic concepts or topics.
- Candidates must practice on virtual calculators so that you can develop a habit of using the same.
- For more tips, check GATE Preparation Guidelines
Ques. How much time is required for the GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023?
Ans. On Average, candidates take at least 6 months to complete the GATE Syllabus for Physics 2023.
Ques. Which subject can be taken along with GATE for Physics 2023?
Ans. Candidates who have opted for GATE Physics as their first paper can select the second paper from EC/ GG/ IN/ MA/ MT/ ST
GATE 2025 : 20 Answered QuestionsView All
Ans. An MS from IIT Kanpur is considered to be a highly respected and prestigious degree. The MS program at IIT Kanpur is reputed for its focus on excellent research and its strong focus on practical, hands-on learning. As an MS student, you get to work with some of the most experienced and respected scholars and researchers in their fields, which gives an insight into the latest industry developments and trends. Additionally, not being located near metropolitan areas, IIT Kanpur gives a peaceful learning environment and students don’t spend much time partying or clubbing. Although it is a 2-year program, with the right determination one can complete it in 18 months also. If you are true to your passion you can also complete a Ph.D. under an experienced thesis advisor and won’t have to go to a foreign university for a Ph.D. Overall, an MS from IIT Kanpur is a valuable and highly esteemed program that offers many opportunities in terms of career and professional advancement. Although it is challenging, the learning experience is worth the effort. Read more
Ans. Andhra University M.Tech admission is done in two ways, i.e. through GATE and through AP PGECET. To get admission, you need to have a valid GATE score or you need to score a valid rank in AP PGECET. Soon, Andhra University will release the notification for AP PGECET. Here are the tentative dates. Event Tentative dates Notification release date Second week of July 2022 Application form available Second week of July 2022 Admit card release date Second week of September 2022 Exam date Third week of September 2022 Result Second week of October 2022 Andhra University will release the application form online. Visit the official website of the institute regularly to get the updated information. Read more
Ans. Many GATE toppers leave PSU and join NITIE, instead of IITs because it offers better placements. Usually, students with good scores join ONGC, NTPC, BHEL, IOCL, and others. Despite the good salary, PSU jobs can get monotonous after a few years. So, the top rankers start looking for better career options. If they wish to do an MBA, they need to prepare for CAT. Some do prepare for CAT, but many join NITIE as it is an easier option. NITIE takes admission through GATE and the GATE score is valid for 3 years. So, they can easily get admission based on their GATE score. Also, the institute has a great placement record. During the NITIE Mumbai placement in 2022, the average CTC offered was INR 25.41 LPA. The video below will convince you further to join NITIE Mumbai Overall, its the excellent opportunities offered by NITIE that makes mant GATE toppers leave PSU and join NITIE Read more
Ans. Here are some strategies that can help you prepare for GATE and ESE simultaneously. Compare the syllabus of GATE and ESE. Go through the previous years' questions of both. The technical portion of both examinations overlaps a lot. The major difference is question patterns and styles. Different types of questions are asked on the same topics. GATE tests aptitude for solving technical questions. While ESE puts more emphasis on technical details. Figure out which subjects contribute more to which examinations. If you have less time, start with GATE preparation. The topics can be covered easily and in less time. Once you are through GATE preparation, you can solve ESE questions without much difficulty. Focus on GATE and ESE preparations only. First, go through the syllabus thoroughly. Once you are done with the syllabus, go through your notes and solve previous years' questions. Solve test series, and review hard questions. Analyze the tests you give and work on your mistakes. Read more
Ans. GATE consists mostly of numerical questions. It tests the aptitude for solving questions in less time. BITS HD papers have 10-15 numerical questions usually. The numerical questions aren’t on the same level as GATE and are just formula-based problems. Usually, around 80-90% of BITS HD questions are theory oriented. You need to have a good grasp of your engineering subjects to score well in BITS HD. The questions can come from anywhere in the syllabus. BITS HD usually consists - 15 Mathematics questions (difficulty usually higher than GATE) 15 general English questions 70 Engineering discipline questions Also, note that BITS take admission based on GATE scores as well. Read more
Ans. The required GATE rank depends upon various parameters like The engineering branch Company (PSU) Number of vacancies for the stream People who are graduating in 3-4 years are lucky as both IOCL and ONGC are planning to recruit in bulk because of massive retirements in both the companies. The mechanical and chemical branches are expected to have the most vacancies. Candidates will be called in a 1:5 ratio and thus, interviews will be the major determining factor of your selection. If you are unable to showcase your knowledge and talent during the interview, even a single-digit rank cannot guarantee your admission. A minimum of 40% marks are required to pass the interview. So if you get a call for the interview, don’t let your rank discourage you or even make you overconfident. Read more
Ans. Sikkim Manipal University has been ranked at 17 for Private Engineering by India Today in 2020. The largest department within the institution is the CSE department and it has also won the best department in SMIT multiple times. Admissions: Class 12th with mandatory subjects in Physics, Maths, Chemistry/computer science/biology is the prerequisite for admission to CSE at Sikkim Manipal. SMIT online, MET, JEE Mains is the examinations accepted for BTech admission. The total intake for CSE is 180 and the course fee is 12.20 lakhs. Curriculum: The University offers a well-structured and detailed curriculum with exposure to major areas of computer science like Big data analytics, robotics, cloud computing, ethical hacking, and more. The course structure focuses on providing students with knowledge of the core subjects of computer science in order to strengthen their foundation and make them industry-ready. Faculty: The university has 33 highly experienced and qualified faculties for CS. The faculty members also conduct seminars and workshops with esteemed institutions like ISRO, IIT, and TIFR. Infrastructure: The University offers a great infrastructure for the CSE department as it receives funding from two highly esteemed agencies, AICTE and ISRO. There are nine state-of-the-art practical labs like the Networking lab, digital circuit and microprocessor labs, GIS and remote sensing lab, advanced programming lab, and more. It also has a huge library with over 2500 journals and books dedicated to the CSE branch. It has been updated with modern facilities and infrastructure all across the campus in order to provide students with the best experience. Placements: AGS Infotech, Amazon, Britannia, Cipla, Capgemini are some of the major recruiters at the institute. Placement Rate within CSE 92.5% Lowest CTC 3.5 LPA Average CTC 5 LPA Highest CTC 18 LPA Sikkim Manipal University is a great option for students who want to pursue a BTech degree program in the CSE department. Read more
Ans. It depends on your career goals. GATE offers more options for engineering students. It is an all-around examination. You can go for MTech, PSUs, MS, and FRM. If you want more options, GATE will be better for you. If you want to do an MBA, after graduation, CAT will be the better option. Almost all top B-Schools accept CAT scores for MBA. Read more
Ans. IIT Roorkee admission 2023 hasn’t been wrapped up yet, hence its GATE cutoff too hasn’t been released as of now. M.Tech admission process of IIT Roorkee is conducted on the basis of the GATE cutoff, and all the candidates applying for admission into the M.Tech course under the non-sponsored category will be required to clear the cutoff for admission. The cutoff scores for M.Tech admission at IIT Roorkee for 2022 and 2021 have not been disclosed by the admission authority. Let’s consider GATE 2020 cutoff for a slight idea. Category GATE 2020 Cutoff General 77.1 EWS 79.1 OBC 72.32 SC 58.62 ST 61.33 Read more
Ans. First of all, admission to the IIT Roorkee MTech program is not given on the basis of GATE rank. The final shortlisting is done on the basis of Normalized GATE marks were used which is calculated by IIT Roorkee as follows: Normalized GATE marks = Normalized marks out of 100 or Marks*100\Maximum marks awarded in the paper that year For example if a candidate has scored 64 marks and the maximum marks given that year are 92, the Normalized GATE marks are 64*100/92=69.57. The table below comprises the expected GATE 2023 cut-off for IIT Roorkee based on the previous year's cut-off trends. MTech Course Cutoff Alternate Hydro Energy Centre 760-839 Architecture & Planning 650-844 Biotechnology 570-577 Civil Engineering 656-780 Chemical Engineering 650-657 Computer Science & Engineering 840-844 Disaster Mitigation & Management 700-710 Electronics and Communication Engineering 736-750 Electrical Engineering 760-779 Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 748-785 Read more
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College
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