Question: The bones of Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur that is a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembles South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered in Madagascar.

(A) The bones of Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur that is a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembles South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered in Madagascar.
(B) The bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and with a close resemblance to South American predatory dinosaurs, has been discovered in Madagascar.
(C) In Madagascar, the bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, distantly related to Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembled South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered.
(D) A distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex, bearing a close resemblance to South American predatory dinosaurs is Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur, the bones of which have been discovered in Madagascar.
(E) A distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembling South American predatory dinosaurs, the bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, have been discovered in Madagascar.

“The bones of Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur that is a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus” - is a GMAT sentence correction question. These types of questions contain grammatical errors in the underlined sentence, and we have to choose the correct statement from the options. GMAT sentence correction is part of GMAT verbal.

Answer: A
Explanation:

The following ideas could be used to back up the suggested alteration to the sentence:

• Parallelism
• Considering two distinct facts
• Modifiers

This is how the sentence is put together:

Off the east coast of Africa, in Madagascar, scientists have found the remains of a large meat-eating dinosaur. Majungatholus atopus, the specimen, would have measured 25 to 30 feet long. Majungatholus resembles South American carnivorous dinosaurs and is a distant relative of the well-known Tyrannosaurus rex. The discovery of the new fossils may lead to a reevaluation of theories. On the evolution of dinosaurs and the movement of continents since their extinction more than 65 million years ago. The discovery, according to Dr. Scott Sampson of the New York Institute of Technology. It implies that Africa had already broken off. As a separate island continent. And that South America, India, and Madagascar were all connected at the time this species developed—likely through Antarctica.

Let’s check the options one by one -

Option A is correct:
A is the correct answer. Because a meat-eating dinosaur that is a near relative must be followed by one that is unlike it.

Option B is incorrect:
Option B is incorrect choice. Since the dinosaur's name is sandwiched, the modifier is not necessary. Without it, the sentence's intended meaning cannot be understood. the bones has been discovered – S-V error.

Choice C is incorrect:
Option C is incorrect. The non-restrictive modifier "Majungatholus atopus. A distant relative of Tyrannosaurus... of a meat-eating dinosaur" changes the meaning of the original statement.

Choice D is incorrect:
D is an incorrect choice. Another instance of a modifier error is when "a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex" modifies "having a close likeness." This happens when the modifiers are placed one after the other.

Choice E is incorrect:
This is the incorrect choice. A simple gerund cannot parallel a noun.

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