JEE Main Study Notes for Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion: At an equal interval of time, if an object covers an equal distance, then the object is said to have uniform motion. If an object covers an unequal distance which is equal intervals of times then the object is said to have non-uniform motion.

The topic of uniform motion and non-uniform motion has 2-3 questions in JEE Main as a sub-part. Make a short note of formulas and solve the previous years’ question papers to be prepared for the questions from this section. Check JEE Main Physics Preparation Tips

JEE Main Study Notes for Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion includes the description of Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion and the comparison between them. The question will be framed combined with other topics of Kinematics - Position-time graph, speed and velocity, average speed and instantaneous velocity, Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, and others. Check JEE Main Physics Syllabus

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What is Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion?

Uniform and Non-uniform motion is a part of Kinematics. So, its logical that we briefly understand Kinematics first and then move on with the topic.

What is Kinematics?

Kinematics is the study of how a system of bodies moves without taking into account the forces or potential fields that influence motion. Kinematics, in other terms, studies how momentum and energy are transferred among interacting bodies. 

Uniform Motion

The motion of an item in which the object moves along a straight line and its velocity remains constant along that line while it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, regardless of the length of time, is referred to as Uniform Motion.

When a body is in rectilinear motion and the motion is consistent, the body's acceleration must be zero.

Example of Uniform Motion:

1. If the speed of a car is 10 m/s, it means that the car covers 10 meters in one second. The speed is constant every second.
2. Movement of blades of a ceiling fan.

A change in the position of an item in a given time interval is the speed of linear straight-line motion. The displacement is equal to the passed distance, which distinguishes a uniform linear movement. We say a body moves at the same speed when it covers the same distance in the same amount of time. To a linear uniform movement, the relationship between distance and time is always the same. Constant speed denotes that the object moves in the same direction in a straight line at the same rate for the same amount of time

Non-Uniform Motion

An item moving at a variable speed and not covering the same distance in equal time intervals regardless of the duration of the time intervals is regarded as Non- Uniform Motion.

Accelerated motion is a type of kinematics in which speed changes occur while moving. The particle's momentary velocity is the speed of the particle at a specific point in time or along the path. For a relatively short time interval, it is similar to the mean speed. The ratio of the change in velocity to the time it takes to make that change is known as acceleration. There is no acceleration if the body remains stationary or moves at a steady speed.

If a body is moving in a rectilinear motion that isn't consistent, the acceleration of the body must be non-zero.

Example of Non-Uniform Motion:

1. If a car covers 10 meters in the first two seconds and 15 meters in the next two seconds.
2. The motion of a train.

JEE Main 2022 Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion: Comparison Between The Motions

Although direct questions based on the comparison of Non-Uniform motion to the Uniform motion will not be asked in JEE Main 2022, it is always good to know what differentiates them for personal knowledge.

JEE Main 2022 Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion: Preparation Tips

Few preparation tips to help candidates handle questions based on the uniform and non-uniform motion are given below:
 

• Know Your Syllabus- Candidates must be aware of the complete JEE Main 2022 Physics syllabus, before starting off their preparation. The syllabus will include all the detailed topics that will come in JEE Main examination. Including the sub-topics to be covered in Uniform Motion and Non-Uniform Motion Candidates will be able to decide where to start and make a strategy according to them.
• Formulas and Graphs- Uniform Motion and Non-Uniform Motion problems include formulas and graphs. Candidates must focus on preparing it along with the theories.
• NCERT Books- Candidates should consult the NCERT books. In JEE Main, the majority of topics are covered, and questions are based on NCERT books. This also holds true for Uniform Motion and Non- Uniform Motion. Maintain JEE Main study notes for uniform and non-uniform motion while studying.

Related Link: JEE Main 2022 Important Books

• Solve Previous Year Questions - It is important for candidates to solve the previous year's question papers. It helps candidates to be aware of the exam pattern and type of questions that come in JEE Main examination. Solving PYQs will help in time management and candidates will be able to keep a check on their performance.

Related Link:JEE Main Question Papers 

• Mock Tests- Mock tests are designed in a way that gives candidates the same feeling like the real examination. Practicing Mock tests will help the candidate attain mastery over questions framed from Uniform Motion and Non-Uniform Motion

Related Link:JEE Main Mock Tests 

• Practice and Revision- Candidates cannot excel without practice and revision. They must periodically revise questions from Uniform Motion and Non-Uniform Motion.

Related Link:JEE Main Test Series
 

JEE Main 2022 Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion: Time Required for Preparation and Difficulty Level 

Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion is a sub-topic of Kinematics. It takes around 3-4 days to finish the topic. The topic is easy to moderately difficult for candidates. Click for help regarding JEE Main Physics preparation

JEE Main 2022 Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion: Previous Year Questions

Questions purely based on Uniform and Non-uniform motion is rarely asked in JEE Main examinations; more often than not, questions framed on this topic are combined with questions framed from other topics of Kinematics: uniform acceleration, circular motion, straight-line motion, uniform circular motion, etc.

Related Link: JEE Main Question papers
Q. For a tower of height H, a particle is thrown vertically upwards with a speed u. The time taken by the particle to hit the ground is n times that taken by it to reach the highest point of its path. The relation between H,u, and n is (JEE Main 2014)

1. 2gH = nu2 (n-2)
2. gH = (n-2)u2
3. 2gH = n2u2
4. gH = (n – 2)2u2

Solution:

Time to reach highest point = t = u/g

Time to reach ground = nt

S = ut + ½ at2

-H = u(nt) – ½ g (nt)2

2gH = nu2 (n-2)

Answer: (a) 2gH = nu2 (n-2)

Q. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. Which one of the following graph correctly represent the velocity vs time? (JEE Main 2014)

Solution- Velocity at any time t is given by
v = u + at

v = v(0) + (-gt)

v = -gt

Straight-line with a negative slope

Q. All the graphs below are intended to represent the same motion. One of them does it incorrectly. Pick it up. (JEE Main-2018)

Solution. (1) In this question options (2) and (4) are the corresponding position-time graph and velocity-position graph of position (3) and its distance-time graph is given as

Hence incorrect graph is an option (1)

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Q. A passenger metro of length 60 m travels at a speed of 80 km/hr. Another freight metro of length 120 m travels at a speed of 30 km/hr. The ratio of times taken by the passenger metro to completely cross the freight train when: (i) they are moving in the same direction, and (ii) in the opposite direction, is (JEE Main 2019)

(a) 25/11

(b) 3/2

(c) 5/2

(d) 11/5

Solution:

The total distance to be travelled by metro is 60 + 120 = 180 m.

When the trains are moving in the same direction, the relative velocity is v1 – v2 = 80 – 30 = 50 km hr–1.

So time taken to cross each other, t1 = 180/(50 x 103/3600) = [(18 x 18)/25] s

When the metro are moving in opposite direction, relative velocity is |v1 – (–v2 )| = 80 + 30 = 110 km hr–1

So time taken to cross each other

t2= 180/(110 x 103/3600) = [(18 x 36)/110] s

t1/t2= [(18 x 18)/25] / [(18 x 36)/110] = 11/5

Answers: (d) 11/5

Q. From a floor, two balls A and B are thrown such that A is thrown upwards and B downwards (both vertically). If vA and vB are their respective velocities on reaching the ground, then choose the correct option. (AIEEE 2010)

(a) vB > vA

(b) vA = vB

(c) vA > vB

(d) their velocities depend on their masses

Solution

Ball A projected upwards with velocity u, falls back with velocity u downwards. It completes its journey to the ground under gravity.

vA 2 = u2 + 2gh …(1)

Ball B starts with downwards velocity u and reaches ground after travelling a vertical distance h vB 2 = u2 + 2gh …(2)

From (1) and (2)

vA = vB

Answer: (b) vA = vB

Q. A rubber ball is released from the top of a tower of height h metre. It takes T second to reach the ground. What is the position of the ball in T/3 second? (AIEEE 2009)

(a) (h/9)metre from the ground

(b) (7h/9) metre from the ground

(c) (8h/9) metre from the ground

(d) (17h/18) metre from the ground

Solution:

Equation of motion

s= ut + gt2

h = 0 + ½ gT2

Or 2h = gT2………(1)

After T/3 sec, s = 0 +½ x g(T/3)2= gT2/18

18 s = gT2 …………(2)

From (1) and (2), 18 s = 2h

S = (h/9) m from top.

Height from ground = h – h/9 = (8h/9) m

Answer: (c) (8h/9) metre from the ground

Q. Which of the following statements is false for a particle moving in a circle with a constant angular speed? (JEE Main 2017)

(a) The velocity vector is tangent to the circle

(b) The acceleration vector is tangent to the circle

(c) The acceleration vector points to the centre of the circle

(d) The velocity and acceleration vectors are perpendicular to each other

Answer: (b) The acceleration vector acts along the radius of the circle. The given statement is false.

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Q. If an object loses half of its velocity on penetrating 3 cm in a wooden block, then how much will it penetrate more before coming to rest? (JEE Main 2017)

(a) 1 cm

(b) 2 cm

(c) 3 cm

(d) 4 cm

Solution

For first part of penetration, by equation of motion,

(u/2)2 = u2 -2a(3)

3u2 = 24a ⇒ u2 = 8a …(1)

For latter part of penetration,

0= (u/2)2 -2ax

or u2 = 8ax……………(2)

From (1) and (2)

8ax = 8a x = 1 c

Q. A bus travelling with a speed of 60 km/h, can brake to stop within a distance of 20 m. If the car is going twice as fast, i.e., 120 km/h, the stopping distance will be (JEE Main 2018)

(a) 20 m

(b) 40 m

(c) 60 m

(d) 80 m

Solution:

Let a be the retardation for both the vehicles.

For automobile, v 2 = u 2 – 2as

u1 2 – 2as1 = 0

u1 2 = 2as1

Similarly for car, u2 2 = 2as2

(u2/u1)2 = s2/s1 = (120/60)2 = s2/20

S2 = 80 m

Answer: (d) 80 m

Q. A glider after bailing out falls 50 m without friction. When the parachute opens, it decelerates at 2 m/s2. He reaches the ground with a speed of 3 m/s. At what height, did he bailout? (JEE Main 2019)

(a) 293 m

(b) 111 m

(c) 91 m

(d) 182 m

Solution:

Initially, the glider falls under gravity u 2 = 2ah = 2 × 9.8 × 50 = 980 m2s –2

He reaches the ground with speed = 3 m/s,

a = –2 m s–2 ⇒ (3)2 = u 2 – 2 × 2 × h1

9 = 980 – 4 h1

h1 = 971/4

h1 = 242.75 m

Total height = 50 + 242.75 = 292.75 = 293 m.
Answer- 293 m

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JEE Main 2022 Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion FAQs

Q. What are the best books to refer to for physics preparation, particularly JEE Main 2022 Study Notes for Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion?

Q.What would be the marking scheme for the questions asked from Uniform and Non-Uniform motion in JEE Main 2022?

Q. How much weightage will Uniform and Non-Uniform motion have in JEE Main 2022? What is the highest weightage topic in JEE Main physics 2022?

Q. Which is the meaning of Uniform Motion included in JEE Main 2022 Syllabus?

Q. Give examples of Non-Uniform Motion included in JEE Main 2022 Syllabus?