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MD Full Form, PhD Full Form, LLD Full Form

OverviewPhD Full formSyllabusPhD Admission 2023PhD SpecializationsAbroadPart Time PhDOnlinePhD ScholarshipsAssociate Professor▾
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Sounak Banerjee

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PhD Full Form is Doctor of Philosophy. Doctor of Philosophy can be abbreviated to Ph.D, DPhil, D.P, pH. PhD course is a 5-6 year research based program on a specific topic. India spends USD 43 per capita on research and development. 

MD Full Form is Doctor of Medicine. Doctor of Medicine can be abbreviated D.M or M.D or DrMed. MD course is a postgraduate course in the field of medicine. Students after completing MBBS apply for MD courses. MD has become the benchmark and public choice when they need medical care.

LLD Full Form is Doctor of Legislative Law. Doctor of Legislative Law can be abbreviated to JUDR or JSD or SJD or LLD. LLD is a doctorate level law program for 3-5 years. 

Courses Full Form
PhD Full Form Doctor of Philosophy
MD Full Form Doctor of Medicine
LLD Full Form Doctor of Laws

What is PhD Full Form?

PhD full form is Doctor of Philosophy. The course duration of the PhD program lasts for 4 to 6 years, which candidates can find a variety of specializations, in almost every existing subject. Some of the top PhD courses are Computer Science, Physics, History, Psychology, etc.

For PhD admission, candidates need to score well in the entrance exams, based on which they will be selected. Also, candidates need to fulfill the Ph.D. eligibility criteria, which is having a postgraduate degree with a minimum of 50% to 55% aggregate marks.

PhD scholarship How to become a associate professor How to become a Professor

Some of the top PhD offering colleges in India are Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, University of Delhi, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Indian Institute of Science, University of Hyderabad, etc. The average salary of a PhD degree holder is INR 6-9 LPA.

PhD Jobs PhD Syllabus PhD Abroad

MD Full Form

MD full form is Doctor of Medicine. It is a 3 year research program in the medical field, which the candidates generally pursue after the MBBS degree for higher studies. The average MD course fee is INR 10 - INR 12 Lakhs.

For MD admission, candidates generally need to qualify through entrance exams. As per the MD eligibility criteria, candidates should necessarily have completed their MBBS degree. The top MD colleges in India are AIIMS, New Delhi, CMC Vellore, PGIMER, Chandigarh, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, etc.

Some of the top MD job options are Bacteriologist, Anesthesiologist, Chiropodist, Obstetrician, etc. The average salary of an MD graduate in India is INR 6 - 8 Lakhs.

What is LLD Full Form?

LLD full form is Doctor of Law. It is a 3 year doctorate program in law, which the candidates pursue to secure more knowledge on legal studies. The average LLD course fee is INR 5,000 - 5,00,000.

For LLD admission, candidates need to crack entrance exams, followed by personal interviews. Also, applicants need to fulfil the LLD eligibility criteria which are having a master's degree in the concerned field and should have additional working experience.

Some of the top LLD job options are Law Professor, Judge, Legal Researcher, Compliance Officer, General Officer, etc. The top recruiting areas for LLD graduates are Law Institutions, Corporate Firms, Law Enforcement Agency, Legal Consultancy, etc. The average salary of an LLD graduate is INR 20 - 25 LPA.

Some of the top LLD colleges in India are National Law University, National Law School of India University, NMS University, Banaras Hindu University, etc.

PhD, MD, LLD Full Forms: FAQs

Ques. Can a PhD be called Doctor?

Ans. A PhD program is a research based program and called a doctorate course. Anyone who has secured a PhD degree is called a Doctor.

Ques. How many years is a PhD?

Ans. A PhD program generally takes 3 to 4 years to complete. However, in some instances it might take up to a minimum of 6 to 8 years.

Ques. What is the age limit of PhD?

Ans. There is no age limit to pursue the PhD course. However, the age limit for JRF (Junior Research Fellow) is 28 years.

Ques. What qualification is required to do a PhD?

Ans. Candidates should hold either a Masters or a M.Phil degree to pursue a PhD program.

Ques. Whats Does MD mean?

Ans. The full form of MD is Doctor of Medicine. It is one of the most pursued degrees by the doctors of the United States.

Ques. Which is higher, PHD or MD?

Ans. Both PhD and MD degrees are the highest considered degrees in their own field. MD is the highest degree in the Medicine field, and PhD is the highest degree in the other general subjects.

Ques. What is meant by LLD?

Ans. LLD stands for Doctorate of Laws, which is considered to be the highest degree in the Law field.

Ques. What degree is LLB?

Ans. LLB of Bachelor of Laws is a graduation degree having a course duration of 3 years.

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Answered Questions

AN

What is the minimum GATE score to do a PhD in the IIT, Madras?

RB

Ranjini Banerjee

01 Mar 22

Admission to a Ph.D. program at IIT Madras depends on a number of factors. The GATE cutoff doesn’t have much weightage in the selection process. For shortlisting, IIT Madras considers the 10th, 12th, graduation, and masters percentile along with your GATE percentile. You need to have a valid GATE score but the required score is lower compared to the M.Tech cutoff. 

For selection, more emphasis is placed on your performance in the written test and interview. 

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KC

How is the Direct PhD program of IIT Madras?

AS

Arati Sinha

29 Mar 23

If you are considering pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT-M, you might be interested in knowing about the similarities and differences between a regular Ph.D. and a direct Ph.D. Here's what you need to know:

Selection Procedure:

  • All Ph.D. candidates, whether applying for a regular or direct Ph.D., have to clear a written exam followed by an interview at the institute.

Coursework:

  • A regular Ph.D. scholar has to complete four courses, while a direct Ph.D. candidate has to complete eight courses.
  • If you are interested in a dual degree (i.e., MS by research and Ph.D.), you will need to complete two extra courses.

Comprehensive Exam:

  • After completing the coursework (usually taking two semesters), every candidate has to undergo a comprehensive exam consisting of a written test and an interview.
  • You will have two chances to clear the comprehensive exam.
  • If you fail to clear the comprehensive exam, you can still obtain an MS degree and get placed or join the Ph.D. program later.
  • The amount and quality of research work by both kinds of Ph.D. candidates are the same.

Financial Assistance:

  • A regular Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance once to attend any international conference outside India.
  • A direct Ph.D. candidate is eligible for financial assistance twice to attend an international conference outside India.
  • Both regular and direct Ph.D. candidates can attend any national/international conference within India once every semester with full financial assistance.

Stipend:

  • The stipend for regular Ph.D. candidates is up to five years.
  • The stipend for direct Ph.D. candidates is up to six years.

Pre-Post Doc Fellowship:

  • If you submit your degree within 4.5 years for a regular Ph.D. or 5 years for a direct Ph.D., you are eligible for a pre-postdoc fellowship.
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AN

How is a PhD in IIT Mandi? Is it good or only a time pass like in most NITs?

AD

Anumita Dixit

25 Aug 22

A Ph.D. from IIT Mandi is certainly not a time pass. You need to put consistent efforts to keep up with the coursework. IIT Mandi follows a demanding curriculum. Ph.D. students need to maintain a CGPA of 7.5 out of 10. Students need to publish 2 reputed journal papers and various conference papers. They also need to deliver research seminars, It is anything but easy. 

IIT Mandi has an excellent faculty base. Most faculty members are alumni of old IITs or universities abroad. So, they expect older IIT-level performance from Ph.D. students. 

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A

How good is doing a PhD in BITS Pilani compared to IITs?

KK

Ketan Kohli

19 Jul 21

Some of my seniors studied at BITS Pilani and while they may not know much about the IITs, they do know that the funds the institute is receiving are helping it grow more and more. The campus is being renovated and more equipment is being bought for the labs.

For study projects, lab projects, thesis, and the students who work under the faculty will be interacting with the undergraduate students. The interactions can be instrumental in honing your academics and other skills for success.

Some other standout features are:

  • The institute encourages friendships among the students, both seniors, and juniors. The atmosphere is thus welcoming and cooperative.
  • The campus is gradually gaining popularity among recruiters who work in top companies.
  • Sometimes the guest lecturers come from abroad. They also engage in interaction with the students through teleconference. This means the institute is gaining more and more exposure.
  • The faculty in charge of the Ph.D. students is highly successful and well experienced.
  • There is a rise in the IT sectors and with the presence of highly successful industries in and around Hyderabad.
  • The students get a lot of opportunities to mingle with the professionals outside and also engage in projects.

Hyderabad also has a number of popular institutes and is a great place for students who are currently and willing to pursue Ph.D. As BITS Pilani is still growing consistently, the fees are getting higher. The money is poured into the expansion of the institute.

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PK

What is the value of a Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay?

KN

Karuna Nair

13 Mar 23

If you want to achieve self-satisfaction by gaining maximum knowledge about your research area, a Ph.D. could be a great way to do so. Consider coming to IIT Bombay if you are always enthusiastic about learning something new and doing something innovative. Your work will depend on your area and how far you can reach in the industry. For example, if your area is controlled, you can reach many consulting firms or industries that deal with automation problems. In fact, my lab deals with many industrial problems related to such issues. Your work will be recognized as an asset for IITB, and research is the foremost thing that every professor looks forward to.

Apart from that, you can enjoy a good life as a Ph.D. student here, with the freedom to think in many directions and develop your research skills at your own pace. A Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay is well-recognized. Many of the students, who are doing their Ph. D.s here in controls, are well settled abroad or in India, which proves the worth of this degree.

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AN

What are all the advantages of doing Ph.d in IIT Madras?

AS

Aditi Sengupta

29 Mar 23

When considering pursuing a Ph.D., it is important to understand the challenges that come with it. However, if you have a passion for research and contributing to the world through your technical knowledge, you can bring about a change. Additionally, pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT Madras can offer many financial advantages and opportunities for personal and professional growth.

Here are some of the financial advantages of joining the Ph.D. program at IIT Madras:

  • Stipend: As a Ph.D. student at IIT Madras, you will receive a stipend of 31,000 INR per month. This stipend is provided to help you cover your living expenses while you focus on your research.
  • PMRF Scheme: You can also try for the Prime Minister's Research Fellowship (PMRF) scheme. If you perform well in your first semester, you can apply for lateral entry (or direct entry) and receive a stipend of 70,000 INR per month. 
  • Financial Benefits for Research Conferences and Publications: You can receive financial benefits of 1.5 to 2 lakhs per annum to attend research conferences and publish your work. This can help you expand your research network and showcase your work to a wider audience.
  • Semester Exchange: Semester exchange to top universities across the globe is also possible, subject to your guide's approval. This can provide you with an opportunity to gain exposure to different research environments and cultures.
  • Quarters for Married Ph.D. Students: If you are a married Ph.D. student, quarters are provided in the residential area of IIT Madras. This can help you and your spouse live comfortably while pursuing your studies.
  • High-Paying Job Opportunities: After completing your Ph.D., any top band industry is ready to pay you thousands of dollars. This is because you would have acquired a specialized set of skills and knowledge that are highly valued in the industry.
  • Scientist D Level in Government Organizations: You can also become eligible for entry to the Scientist D level in government research organizations such as ISRO, DRDO, and BARC, provided you have the minimum required experience.
  • Teaching Opportunities: Pursuing a Ph.D. can also help you improve your teaching skills. As a Ph.D. student at IIT Madras, you will have the opportunity to teach B.Tech, Dual Degree, M.Tech, and MS students. This can help you gain valuable teaching experience and learn from your students as well.

In conclusion, pursuing a Ph.D. at IIT Madras can provide you with many financial advantages and opportunities for personal and professional growth. If you have a passion for research and technical knowledge, a Ph.D. can help you make a positive impact on the world.


 

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GG

What is the placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay?

AJ

Advait Joshi

17 Mar 23

The placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay is generally poor, according to student feedback and departmental elections.

  • Ph.D. students typically have very specific knowledge that may not be useful to companies, so they may not be recruited by BTech companies.
  • There is no specific body that helps bring companies for Ph.D. students, resulting in a lack of job opportunities for graduates.
  • Ph.D. graduates pursue two directions: Professor in a University or a specified job, but finding a job can be difficult without faculty contacts.


The average salary for a Ph.D. student at IIT Bombay ranges from INR 3.4 Lakhs to INR 4.2 Lakhs per year.

...Show More
NJ

Is a PhD from IGNOU valid?

PK

Pankaj Kumar

18 Oct 22

PhD from IGNOU is as valuable as from any other university. The UGC has recently ruled that PhD from distance education is no longer valid. This is applicable to every university.

PhD is valid only in regular mode. This can be both part-time or full-time. IGNOU offers both so yes PhD from IGNOU is valuable. In fact, it is more valuable than the same degree from Manipal or Lovely Professional University.

 PhD from IGNOU is valuable because of the following reasons:

  • Affordable fees 

  • Both part-time and full-time available ( both approved by UGC)

  • Easy distance education

  • Can be pursued alongside a business or profession.

What really matters is what you learn during your course and how you apply it.

...Show More
A

What is the placement record of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay?

PS

Poornima Sahoo

18 Mar 23

The table below shows the key placement highlights of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay.

Particulars 

Statistics 

Median Salary

INR 55.4 LPA

Average Salary

INR 17.9 LPA

Placement Percentage

66.67%

International Offers

58

Top Recruiters 

Accenture | Analog Devices | Apple | CITI Bank | Google | Hindustan Unilever | HONEYWELL | IBM | ISRO
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M

How will be the selection procedure for direct PhD in IIT Madras?

SG

Sudesna Gupta

20 Jul 21

The selection procedure for a direct Ph.D. in IIT Madras varies as per the department. Usually, there is a primary election that is based on the CGPA that you obtain after clearing any national-level entrance exam like GATE.

After this, you need to give an interview and a written test round.

If you want to go for MS by research or Ph.D., you will have to appear for a written test which is followed by an interview. These tests are conducted twice a year, in May and in November. Check the IIT Madra website regularly. Once you apply for the Ph.D. position, and you get shortlisted, and then you can appear for the written exam. The written exam is similar to what the GATE exam is and there is no difference for MS and Ph.D. aspirants. Your interview will be conducted only if you clear the written test.

However, if you do not clear the written or the interview round, and you are interested in some particular work that is being carried out by any professor, you can approach them directly and ask for a research or project assistant’s position. If the professor is impressed by your work, they may convert you to a full-time Ph.D.

...Show More

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