Rural Planning & Development

Concepts, Principles and Approaches: Concept of development: Indicators of development; Conceptual framework, Strategies; Rural development in India: A retrospective; Policies, Programs: Techniques of planning: Detail steps in district and block level planning: Area Development Planning: Definition, purpose, Area development plans.

The basics of Rural Development are covered in this subjects, with detailed study of all issues.

Panchayati Raj & Rural Administration

Administrative Structure: bureaucracy, structure of administration; Panchayati Raj Institutions and Voluntary Agencies: Functions of government and non-government organizations for rural development; Agricultural Extension Services; Emergence and Growth of Panchayati Raj Institutions in India; People and Panchayati Raj; Financial Organizations in Panchayati Raj Institutions; Devolution of finance and power (11th Schedule); Generation and Mobilization of rural finance (revenue); Interface in Panchayat System Relevance of interface in sustainable development of State; Interfaces - Panchayats and Govt. Officials; Government & Non-Government Organizations / Community Based Organizations.

In this, the students study about all the governing bodies in detail.

Natural Resources Development & Management

Natural resources: Inexhaustible natural resources – the atmosphere and water in its cycle; Replaceable and maintainable natural resources – water in its place, Soil, Land in its spatial sense, Forest, Forage and other cover plants, Wild Animal life, Human powersbody & spirit; Irreplaceable natural resources – Minerals, Land in its natural condition. Natural resources- Evaluation and Assessment, Utilization, Conservation- principles and practices.

Students learn how to use various natural resources and reuse and recycle non renewable resources

Rural Marketing & Management

Rural production and products: agricultural and non-agricultural products; types of rural production and products; Market functionaries: Concept of supply chain management and Value Addition; Involved in marketing of agricultural and non-agricultural products (with special reference to artisanal products); Problems of marketing; Role of co-operative agencies in marketing of agricultural and non-agricultural product.

Production strategies with their marketing and management techniques is taught in this subject.

Rural Energy Planning

Energy sources - conventional, non-conventional-wind, bio-gas, solar; Energy audits: Energy conversion & conservation program, elements of energy accounting, Energy accounting indices, energy budgeting. Energy planning: demand and supply forecasting.

Providing energy resources, tools and equipment used for energy efficiency are the main topics covered in this subject.

Transfer and Management of Technological Innovations

Transfer of Technology - Concept, Technology Transfer and Appropriate Technology, different Models, Systems involved, factors in Transfer of Technology. The process of technological innovations, process of Technology Transfer, models. Barriers of Technology Transfer, characteristics of barriers of innovations, stimuli for innovation. Technology diffusion – innovation, communication, social system and time Culture and diffusion – Role of culture on diffusion, importance of norms, modern and traditional and their role in diffusion. Adoption process – concept, stages in adoption process

Technological knowledge, modernization and cultural and traditional knowledge is imparted through this subject.

Rural Community Facilities & Services

Types of Community Facilities and Services: Water, sanitation, electricity; Provider of Community Facilities: Government, Non-Governmental Organisations, Philanthropic Organisation; Various Program under Community Facilities and Services; Various Models in Providing Drinking Water and Sanitation in India and abroad. Rural Transportation system - modes of transportation - rural economy. Rural Health Care and Delivery Systems.

Common facilities like sanitation, drainage etc and their provision is taught in this subject.

Development of Tribal Communities

Tribal Development: Historical perspective, demography and tribal organization, Social Status of Tribal and related problems (exploitation, land alienation, marketing; Problems: unemployment, linguistic difference, caste barrier, cultural transformation/women, prostitution); Legislations: Constitutional provisions and legislations, constitutional amendments; Role of Government Agencies: Government, voluntary & non-governmental organizations; Recommendations of various committees on tribal development.

The tribes in the rural areas are studied carefully in detail and schemes for their development are formed.

Crop, Soil & Water Management

Crop ecosystem and crop classification; Crop production strategies in tropical regions, Agro-climatic regions and crop cultivation, modern techniques of raising field crops, cropping system- its theory & practices, input management in cropping system; Understanding soil resources, chemical, physical, physicochemical systems & environment; Land capability evaluation & classification, management of arid, semi-arid & humid subtropics & tropics; Problem of reclamation & wastelands, physical management of soil for maximizing agricultural production; Soil water system & water resource management; Plant-soil-water relationship; Water requirement of crop; Irrigation & drainage in crop production.

Judicious use of Crop, Soil and water is the key mains of this subject.

Livelihood Issues and Problems

Transition of Rural Livelihood; Micro and Macro Perspectives of Rural Livelihood; Risks and Opportunities for Livelihood Security; Gender Issues in Livelihood Development; Livelihood System in Transition: Research and Practice

Basic living and lifestyle related issues are dealt in this subject.

Women and Child Development, Health, Nutrition; Gender and Society

Concepts, Social Hierarchy; Human Development and Gender Development: Human Development Indices; Status of Women in India: Historical perspective; Justice and Women Empowerment: (a) International Scenario – Grass Root Women’s Movements; Different International movements in gender justice; Empowerment: Parameters, Women and Health: Health Status of Women; Nutritional Anaemia; Child Development: Status, education, health, Governmental Programmes for children development.

Health and well being of the rural occupants is taken in account in this subject.

Social Security-Problems, Policies and Program

Concept and definition of Social Security, Economy and Social Security, Role of Govts. Reasons of Govt.’s involvement in providing Social Security, Components of Social Security, experiences and difficulties of Different States.

This subject is concerned with social status of the rural habitats and the law and order in the area.

Networking and Communication

Introduction to networks and Layered Architecture. Data Communication Concepts. Transmission Media and Topology, Noise. Encoding and error detection. Synchronous and asynchronous Transmission, Multiplexing and switching. Error Control and Flow Control Techniques. Medium Access Control. IEEE standard for LANs. High Speed LANs. Routing Algorithms. Congestion Control Techniques. WAN, Frame Relay, ATM Interworking. IP protocol. Network Management and Security.

Increasing mode of Communication and Networking through making provisions of installment of wires and cables in rural areas is covered in this subject.