Biomedical Material Sciences involves tailor making of materials for medical applications. Examples of these applications include artificial skin, vascular and cardiovascular implants and devices, bone graft substitutes, new prosthetic devices, dental materials, biosensors, controlled drug delivery etc. Application in this field have been rapidly expanding, as it depends on the imagination of a biomedical material scientist and identifying appropriate applications in consultation with the clinicians. Hence, a marriage made in heaven between the clinicians and non-clinical researchers.

During 1970s through to 1990s, a number of new synthetic absorbable and non-absorbable polymers; biologically-derived materials (e.g., cross-linked xenografts), bio-derived macromolecules, coatings (passive and bioactive), and tissue adhesives for a myriad of clinical applications were introduced. By the turn of 21st century, the impending explosion of biomedical materials was clear; this explosion was coming in the use of absorbable biomaterials for the fabrication of scaffolds for the synthesis of tissue in vitro (tissue engineering) and as implants to facilitate the regeneration of tissue in vivo (regenerative medicine).

Recently, materials used in medicine (biomaterials) have made enormous impact on the repair and replacement of injured and diseased part of the human body and the field is growing with a rapid pace.