Geology, the science of the Earth, is concerned with understanding:

• The Earth's internal structure and composition, its dynamic character (earthquakes, volcanoes, plate tectonics), and the processes that occur within it

• The processes that shape the surface of the Earth, and the materials that constitute its surface layers

• The origin, occurrence, extraction and conservation of the Earth's natural resources - minerals, fossil fuels, soils, water

• The place of the Earth within the Solar System

• The history of life on Earth.

Increasingly, understanding of geological principles and processes is essential for those concerned with awareness of natural hazards, civil engineering problems, impacts of global change, the responsible utilisation of Earth's natural resources, pollution and waste disposal, and environmental and resource planning and monitoring.

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